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{"id":7600,"date":"2021-11-17T14:29:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-17T17:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bitcointoyou.com\/blog2\/?p=7600"},"modified":"2023-01-28T06:56:27","modified_gmt":"2023-01-28T09:56:27","slug":"o-que-e-hash","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bitcointoyou.com\/blog\/criptomoedas\/o-que-e-hash\/","title":{"rendered":"Voc\u00ea j\u00e1 pesquisou o que \u00e9 Hash? Muitos j\u00e1, e n\u00e3o entenderam…"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

E \u00e9 por isso que neste post a BitcoinToYou vai te conter o que \u00e9 hash e qual seu papel em transa\u00e7\u00f5es de ativos na Blockchain para que essa tem\u00e1tica seja entendida de uma vez por todas, afinal n\u00e3o d\u00e1 para negociar criptomoedas e n\u00e3o entender um dos termos mais citados no mercado cripto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Desmistificar o universo das criptomoedas \u00e9 uma das nossas miss\u00f5es. Vamos l\u00e1?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O que \u00e9 Hash?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ele representa um c\u00f3digo criptografado de tamanho fixo<\/b>, ou seja, por meio de um algoritmo matem\u00e1tico, determinado dado \u2013 senha, arquivo, informa\u00e7\u00f5es \u2013 \u00e9 transformado em uma esp\u00e9cie de conjunto alfanum\u00e9rico que possui caracteres exclusivos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Desta forma, \u00e9 correto afirmar que hashing \u00e9 o processo de gera\u00e7\u00e3o de uma sa\u00edda fixa (output) por meio de uma entrada (vari\u00e1vel). Guarde essas express\u00f5es!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e3o h\u00e1 a necessidade de voc\u00ea, investidor, entender a programa\u00e7\u00e3o por tr\u00e1s desse c\u00f3digo (\u00e9 dific\u00edlima, acredite!), bastando apenas saber como esse valor alfanum\u00e9rico de indicador \u00fanico e irrepet\u00edvel<\/b> funciona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Como funciona o algoritmo Hash?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O hash, fun\u00e7\u00e3o hash, algoritmo hash ou ainda, hashing, nada mais \u00e9 do que uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o matem\u00e1tica criptogr\u00e1fica, como j\u00e1 destacamos, mas \u00e9 preciso entender tamb\u00e9m qual a import\u00e2ncia de seu uso na inform\u00e1tica, e principalmente no Blockchain<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O objetivo mais geral desse processo de codificar dados de entrada (input) por meio de criptografia para que os dados de sa\u00edda (output) sejam fixos \u00e9 justamente a padroniza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b>: o c\u00f3digo gerado sempre possuir\u00e1 o mesmo tamanho de, geralmente, 128 e 512 bits, e o mesmo n\u00famero de caracteres alfanum\u00e9ricos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mas, por que padronizar informa\u00e7\u00f5es em uma esp\u00e9cie de livro cont\u00e1bil digital como a Blockchain? Os hashes apresentam tr\u00eas fun\u00e7\u00f5es<\/b> que respondem essa pergunta e, por isso, merecem ser destacadas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. a de resumir dados;<\/b><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. a de verificar integridade de arquivos;<\/b><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. a de proteger senhas em servidores.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Sabendo disso, imagine a possibilidade de resumir informa\u00e7\u00f5es extensas e que devem ser secretas por meio de uma \u00fanica sequ\u00eancia com letras e n\u00fameros e ainda preservar a integridade das informa\u00e7\u00f5es ali criptografadas? Isso \u00e9 o que o hash faz!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A praticidade que voc\u00ea conhece e tanto preza no mercado cripto adv\u00e9m dessa uni\u00e3o entre tecnologia da informa\u00e7\u00e3o e matem\u00e1tica<\/b>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    O hashing \u00e9 bastante complexo, mas caso ainda assim voc\u00ea queira entender a estrutura dos dados e hasing acesse esse modelo disponibilizado pelo Insitituto de Matem\u00e1tica e Estat\u00edsitica da USP (IME-USP)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Caracter\u00edsticas da fun\u00e7\u00e3o hash<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o hash \u00e9 caracterizada (tamb\u00e9m) por tr\u00eas pontos de distin\u00e7\u00e3o os quais voc\u00ea sempre ser\u00e1 capaz de identificar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. sa\u00eddas de tamanho fixo<\/b>: independente do que for informado como valor de entrada (arquivo ou tamanho), as sa\u00eddas de um hash sempre ir\u00e3o possuir as mesmas quantidades de letras e n\u00fameros;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. efici\u00eancia operacional<\/b>: por meio do hash n\u00e3o haver\u00e1 preju\u00edzo de velocidade e tampouco complexidade no processamos dos dados de input e output;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. determin\u00edstica<\/b>: um valor de input (entrada) sempre ter\u00e1 o mesm\u00edssimo output (valor de sa\u00edda), mesmo se feito in\u00fameras vezes.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Sendo ainda mais completo do que se imagina, o hashing \u00e9 t\u00e3o completo que ainda apresenta diferentes categorias de fun\u00e7\u00f5es criptogr\u00e1ficas<\/b>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n